Table of Contents
- 1 What are the basic requirements for the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain?
- 2 What ensures that the correct amino acid is added during translation?
- 3 What happens when the release factor is placed on the mRNA molecule?
- 4 How many mRNA codons specify an amino acid?
- 5 When does RNA polymerase stop advancing through the gene?
What are the basic requirements for the translation of mRNA into a polypeptide chain?
Once the mRNA and 30S subunit are properly bound, an initiation factor brings the initiator tRNA-amino acid complex, f-Met-tRNA, to the 30S P site. The initiation phase is completed once a 50S subunit joins the 30 subunit, forming an active 70S ribosome.
What specific structure in that part of the cell does the translation of mRNA to an amino acid sequence?
the ribosome
The genetic code is a set of three-letter combinations of nucleotides called codons, each of which corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal. Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.
What is the function of the release factor during translation in eukaryotes What is the function of the release factor during translation in eukaryotes?
What is the function of the release factor during translation in eukaryotes? It releases the ribosome from the ER to allow polypeptides into the cytosol. It supplies a source of energy for termination of translation. It binds to the stop codon in the A site in place of a tRNA.
What ensures that the correct amino acid is added during translation?
Translation, or making a protein from an mRNA sequence, occurs on ribosomes. The amino acids are brought to the ribosome by transfer RNAs (tRNAs). The tRNA pairs up with the mRNA by matching up complementary nucleotides. This ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the protein.
What is the function of mRNA during translation?
What is the function of mRNA during translation? mRNA carries an anticodon that is complementary to one or more tRNA codons. mRNA carries the code for a polypeptide’s sequence of amino acids.
How does mRNA get translated into a protein?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into protein by the joint action of transfer RNA (tRNA) and the ribosome, which is composed of numerous proteins and two major ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules.
What happens when the release factor is placed on the mRNA molecule?
The release factors bind to a termination codon at the A site and stimulate hydrolysis of the bond between the tRNA and the polypeptide chain at the P site, resulting in release of the completed polypeptide from the ribosome. The tRNA is then released, and the ribosomal subunits and the mRNA template dissociate.
How does the primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell compare to the mRNA quizlet?
How does the primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell compare to the functional mRNA? the primary transcript is larger then the mRNA. the primary transcript is the same size as the mRNA. A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA.
Is the process in which mRNA codons are converted into?
The process of the synthesis of protein molecule with sequence of amino acids as per the code in mRNA is termed translation .
How many mRNA codons specify an amino acid?
There are 61 mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only 45 tRNAs. This is best explained by the fact that A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of the normal phenylalanine.
How are two dipeptides correctly match the mRNA?
Two of them can correctly match the mRNA so that a dipeptide can form. a. alanine-alanine b. cysteine-alanine c. proline-threonine d. glycine-cysteine c. proline-threonine A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of the normal phenylalanine.
Which is part of an mRNA molecule is being read by a ribosome?
A part of an mRNA molecule with the following sequence is being read by a ribosome: 5′-CCG-ACG-3′ (mRNA). The following charged transfer RNA molecules (with their anticodons shown in the 3′ to 5′ direction) are available.
When does RNA polymerase stop advancing through the gene?
RNA polymerase transcribes through a stop codon, causing the polymerase to stop advancing through the gene and release the mRNA. b. Once transcription has initiated, RNA polymerase transcribes until it reaches the end of the chromosome.